The Relationship Between Anxiety And Depression - 1433 Words

Scores from this measure ranged from 16 to 80, with 60 being classified as experiencing GAD. Scores were almost the same between the pregnant and postpartum women. Many women met the clinical cutoff for depressive, insomnia, and generalized anxiety symptoms. The measures (ISI=0.87, EPDS=0.85, PSWQ=0.95) all scored above the clinical threshold. All three measures were also correlated in each group and in the total sample. Studies suggested that the relationship between depression symptoms and insomnia symptoms was influenced by generalized anxiety disorder in pregnant women. Symptoms of depression were present in 75% of the women and 61% had generalized anxiety disorder. Therefore the study suggested that the contribution of the two†¦show more content†¦There were 240 pregnant women split into 2 evenly groups. Group one consisted of pregnant women that experienced a traumatic event such as early neonatal death, fetal loss before 20 weeks, and preterm birth. Group 2 consisted of women without any adverse during pregnancy. Group 1 received antenatal care either from the high-risk clinic or the tertiary hospital, while group 2 received care at the other two healthcare units. Whoever met the criteria were asked to volunteer in the study. During the evaluation, they used two methods. The Short form-36 (SF-36), validated in 1999 which was used to evaluate physical and mental health perceived by the quality of life and The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale that was used to detect clinical cases of anxiety and depression. Both questionnaires were then applied after the investigator collected sociodemographic variables which took 20 minutes each. Sociodemographic variables included previous alcoholism or drug addiction, race, marital status, maternal age, family income, education and previous pregnancy history. The results from SF-36 and the HADS were compared using two different test. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for the SF-36, while the HADS used the chi-square test. Group 1 and 2 had remarkable differences of variables evaluated. The study outcome suggested that symptoms of anxiety and depression were higher among the pregnant women in group 1 than in group 2. In this study, prenatalShow MoreRelatedRelationship Between Depression And Anxiety980 Words   |  4 Pages For the midterm paper I have chosen to discuss the relationship between depression and anxiety in transgender people. For this paper I am using Transgender to mean: â€Å" a term used to describe people whose gender identity differs from the sex the doctor marked on their birth certificate.† (Gladd.org) The reason I chose this social issue is with modern media with individuals such as Caitlyn Jenner and shows like Orange is the New Black; we are learning more about Transgender. I wanted to learn moreRead MoreRelationship Between Anxiety And Depression2368 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract Depression is a serious mental illness that is extreme sadness, sometimes for no reason. While anxiety is a base of worry and anguish that again sometimes happens for no reason. These two illnesses can often occur together and apart. Upon review of temporal research and longitudinal research. The temporal research found anxiety to lead to depression because of anxiety being worrying normally about the future. With a co-occurrence of around 90%. Other research was found a relationship of 40%Read MoreWhat Is The Relationship Between The Anxiety And Depression Of The Floor Nurses?797 Words   |  4 Pagest ‑test. Repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparisons by Boneferroni correction will be used to determine the effectiveness of music class on anxiety and depression levels of the floor nurses. Spearman’s correlation coefficient will be used to analyze the relationship between the anxiety and depression of the floor nurses. Statistical software S tatistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) will be used for data analysis. SPSS is a computer application, which supportsRead MoreAn Investigation into the Relationship between Anxiety and Depression among University Students1372 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Merriam Webster online dictionary anxiety is â€Å"An abnormal and overwhelming sense of apprehension and fear often marked by physiological signs (as sweating, tension, and increased pulse), by doubt concerning the reality and nature of the threat, and by self-doubt about ones capacity to cope with it†. In addition, depression is defined by the Oxford online dictionary as â€Å"A mental condition characterized by severe feelings of hopelessness and inadequacy, typically accompanied by a lackRead MoreDepression And Anxiety Among College Students Essay1376 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Anxiety and Depression disorders are two of the most common mental disorders in the United States (Falsafi, 2016). It appears that the two disorders are widespread amongst college students and most cannot manage the high demands and stress (Falsafi, 2016). Therefore, they feel more prone to depression and anxiety (Falsafi, 2016). According to the authors Miller Chung, mental health amongst college students in the United States is a growing public health concern and educators areRead MoreThe Link Between Anxiety And Depression1717 Words   |  7 Pagesdisorders, anxiety and depression, obtain more in relation everyday. Although each can have different causes and characteristics they share many common ones. Strong links throughcertain illnesses and disorders like asthma and headaches are being configured through specific chemicals in the brain. Two examples being serotonin receptors and corticotropin releasing factor receptor1. Certain combinations of the two can lead to a change in energy leveles causing both anxiety and depression to occur atRead MoreThe Concept Of Coping : Postpartum Depression And Anxiety Essay1308 Words   |  6 PagesThe concept of coping is a relationship between a person and their environment involving human cognition, individual perception, and behavior (Giddens, 2013). The two exemplars that will be addressed in the following sections are postpartum depression and anxiety. Postpartum Depression Postpartum depression (PPD) can be described as a period of depression that begins following childbirth lasting more than two weeks (Camp, 2013). Up to 15% of women suffer from depression during the first three monthsRead MoreVariations in the Experience of Depression1302 Words   |  5 PagesGender Differences in Depression This focus elaborates the place of gender in determining depression levels. It states that females experience twice as much depression as men. This is as a result of social forces and cognitive behavioral differences between women and men. The focus notes that women in communities with distinct traditional gender roles tend to have higher stress levels than societies where there are no major divides between gender roles. There are various factors that cause womenRead MoreThe Link Between Anxiety And Depression1352 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Topic: â€Å"Anxiety and depression are often linked, experts say, as dealing with long-term anxiety can lead to depression, or one may feel anxious about their battle with depression.† In order to talk about the â€Å"link† between Anxiety and Depression, there is a word that must be discussed: comorbidity. According one paper, â€Å"Comorbidity may imply either the co-occurrence of two or more disorders in an individual at a given time, or the manifestation of multiple disorders during the lifetime ofRead MoreRelationship Between The Child And The Parent1219 Words   |  5 PagesLiterature Review McDonald, Bowker, Rubin, Laursen, and Duchene (2010) stated that according to attachment theory (Bowlby, 1969), the relationship between the child and the parent originates from a behavioral system that is noticeable by the infant’s need for safety, security, and support from their caregiver. Parents function as both a secure place for their child to discover their surrounding world and safe place in which they can return to the comfort and safety when they experience fear or discomfort

American Films and Ripped Jeans Skin Free Essays

string(6239) " when You name the day And I will pick the city We’ll fly away Till then, call me when you miss me If you’re asking if I’d really like to see you again I say oh†¦ just say when Two different worlds I thought they’d keep us apart I’m ignoring my head Follow my heart Oh you pick the day And I will pick the city We’ll fly away Till then, call me when you miss me I am willing to wait Cause I just gotta see you again Don’t ask no†¦ just say when Just say when†¦ I could take a picture Of you and me together No one would believe me No one would believe me TALK TO ME Every morning As I go walking by I feel you looking That’s why I take my time Oh oh yeah Bows and flows of angel hair And ice-cream castles in the air Feather cannons everywhere I’ve looked at clouds that way JUST A STEP AWAY Talk to me, why won’t you talk to me Can’t you see I’m burning up When you look like that And I’m looking right back Why don’t you talk to me Walk with me baby When he’s singing his song Well all the young girls sigh And we’ll be wearing those things That make a grown man cry Oh oh yeah yeah I’VE BEEN YOURS FROM THE START I can see what ‘cha wanna do to me You can feel it something’s gonna break Well I’m in if you’re in Let’s make a big mistake Talk to me, why won’t you talk to me Can’t you see I’m burning up When you look like that And I’m looking right back Why don’t you talk to me Walk with me baby Come on take me away I’ve been yours from the start Summer nights, summer days I’ll be your summer heart Come on take me away I’ve been yours from the start†¦ When it’s love like that And you look like that Talk to me, why won’t ‘cha talk to me Can’t you see I’m burning up When you look like that And I’m looking right back Why don’t ‘cha talk to me Walk with me baby Come on take me away I’ve been yours from the start Summer nights, summer days I’ll be your summer heart Come on take me away I’ve been yours from the start Talk to me, why won’t you talk to me Can’t you see I’m burning up When you look like that And I’m looking right back Why don’t you talk to me talk to me Why won’t ‘cha talk to me In the space between the words In the silence of your eyes In the hands that know the touch It’s the way I feel inside Here we are Dancing cross this floor together With every step I take I seem to want you more than ever You made me love you Look into my eyes I want to tell you I’ll never let you down And I’ll never go away And if your ever feeling down I’m just a step away I’ll never let you down And I’ll never go away And if your ever feeling down I’m just a step, just a step, just a step away It’s the beating of your heart It’s the tear I have to hide It’s the sound of your guitar It’s the way I feel inside Here we are Dancing cross this floor together With every step I take I seem to want you more than ever You made me love you Look into my eyes I want to tell you If you need a shoulder Or someone to hold you I’ll keep my arms open wide I’ll be the one who loves you I’ll be right there by your side Here we are Dancing cross this floor together With every step I take I seem to want you more than ever You made me love you Look into my eyes I want to tell you I’ll never let you down \(I’ll never let you down\) And I’ll never go away \(And I’ll never go away\) And if your ever feeling down \(And if your ever feeling down\) I’m just a step away I’ll never let you down And I’ll never go away And if your ever feeling down I’m just a step away I’ll never let you down And I’ll never go away And if you’re ever feeling down I’m just a step, just a step, just a step away In the space between the words In the silence of your eyes In the hands that know the touch It’s the way I feel inside IN THE SPACE BETWEEN THE WORDS I’ll never let you down And I’ll never go away And if your ever feeling down I’m just a step away I’ll never let you down And I’ll never go away And if your ever feeling down I’m just a step, just a step, just a step away Now they only block the sun They rain and snow on everyone So many things I would have done But clouds got in my way I’ve looked at clouds from both sides now TEARS AND FEARS AND FEELING PROUD TO SAY I LOVE YOU RIGHT OUT LOUD DREAMS AND SCHEMES AND CIRCUS CROWDS I can see what ‘cha wanna do to me You can feel it something’s gonna break Well I’m in if you’re in Let’s make a big mistake BOTH SIDES NOW I’ve looked at clouds from both sides now From up and down and still somehow It’s clouds illusions I recall I really don’t know clouds at all Moons and Junes and ferris wheels The dizzy, dancing way you feel When every fairy tale comes real I’ve looked at love that way But now it’s just another show You leave ’em laughing when you go And if you care don’t let them know Don’t give yourself away I’ve looked at love from both sides now From give and take and still somehow It’s loves illusions I recall I really don’t know love at all Tears and fears and feeling proud To say I love you right out loud Dreams and schemes and circus crowds I’ve looked at life that way But now old friends are acting strange They shake their heads They say I’ve changed Well somethings lost and somethings gained in living every day I’ve looked at life from both sides now I’ve looked at life from both sides now From win and loose and still somehow It’s lifes illusions I recall I really don’t know life I’ve looked at clouds from both sides now From up and down and still somehow It’s clouds illusions I recall I really don’t know clouds at all I really don’t know life at all THANK YOU: To YOU†¦ Thanks for listening and making all of this possible\." CARLY RAE JEPSEN CURIOSITY EP p c 2012 604 RECORDS INC. #101 – 1001 WEST BROADWAY, UNIT 362, VANCOUVER, BC V6H 4E4. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. We will write a custom essay sample on American Films and Ripped Jeans Skin or any similar topic only for you Order Now MANUFACTURED AND DISTRIBUTED BY UNIVERSAL MUSIC CANADA. , 2450 VICTORIA PARK AVE. , SUITE #1, TORONTO, ONTARIO M2J 5H3. UNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION, COPYING AND RENTAL OF THIS RECORDING IS PROHIBITED BY LAW. I threw a wish in the well Don’t ask me I’ll never tell I looked at you as it fell And now you’re in my way I trade my soul for a wish Pennies and dimes for a kiss I wasn’t looking for this But now you’re in my way Your stare was holding Ripped jeans Skin was showing Hot night Wind was blowing Where you think you’re going baby? Hey I just met you And this is crazy But here’s my number So call me maybe It’s hard to look right at you baby But here’s my number So call me maybe Hey I just met you And this is crazy But here’s my number So call me maybe And all the other boys Try to chase me But here’s my number So call me maybe You took your time with the call I took no time with the fall You gave me nothing at all But still you’re in my way I beg and borrow and steal At first sight and it’s real I didn’t know I would feel it But it’s in my way Your stare was holding Ripped jeans Skin was showing Hot night Wind was blowing Where you think you’re going baby? Break a bone Got me on my knees You break my heart Just to watch it bleed Hey I just met you And this is crazy But here’s my number So call me maybe It’s hard to look right at you baby But here’s my number So call me maybe I’m sick with love Sick like a disease Don’t call me up Just so I can please you Hey I just met you And this is crazy But here’s my number So call me maybe And all the other boys Try to chase me But here’s my number So call me maybe Before you came into my life I missed you so bad I missed you so bad I missed you so so bad Before you came into my life I missed you so bad And you should know that So call me maybe So don’t break me tonight This is crazy love And you know I’m gunna follow you home Through the rain Cause I need your love And you know I’m gunna follow you home I can’t stand the way you’re smiling I can’t stand the way I’m lying Before you came into my life I missed you so bad I missed you so bad I missed you so so bad Before you came into my life I missed you so bad And you should know that I missed you so so bad, bad, bad, bad†¦. It’s hard to look right at you baby But here’s my number So call me maybe Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Oh oh oh oh oh oh Will never let me go Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Curiosity CURIOSITY I know, I know, I know you got the key And you know, you know, you know that it’s for me It’s not up to you, you know it’s up to me but Curiosity will never let me go Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Oh oh oh oh oh oh Will never let me go Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Oh oh oh oh oh oh Look at me Left here in the corner Stupid girl I really tried to warn her Walked the streets all night Until you came around Knew that you would come Before you ever even made a sound I know, I know, I know you got the key And you know, you know, you know that it’s for me It’s not up to you, you know it’s up to me but Curiosity will never let me go PICTURE Cause I need your love and you know I’m going to follow you†¦ I know, I know, I know you got the key You know, you know, you know that it’s for me Well I think that we should try it out to see yeah Curiosity So don’t break me tonight This is crazy love And you know I’m gunna follow you home Through the rain Cause I need your love Yes I need your love So don’t break (don’t break) me tonight (me tonight) This is crazy love And you know I’m gunna follow you home Through the rain Cause I need your love Yes I need your love Will never let me go Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Oh oh oh oh oh oh Will never let me go Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Curiosity will never let me go I could take a picture Of you and me together No one would believe me No one would believe me TWO DIFFERENT WORLDS I THOUGHT THEY’D KEEP US APART I’M IGNORING MY HEAD FOLLOW MY HEART CALL ME MAYBE Say it in a whisper That baby it don’t get much better Would I like to see you again? You name the day And I will pick the city We’ll fly away Till then, call me when you miss me If you’re asking if I’d really like to see you again I say oh†¦ just say when Tell me that you feel it This you and me together No one would believe me Even I cannot believe it You kiss me like you mean it Oh baby, it don’t get much better Would I like to see you again? Darling just say when You name the day And I will pick the city We’ll fly away Till then, call me when you miss me If you’re asking if I’d really like to see you again I say oh†¦ just say when Two different worlds I thought they’d keep us apart I’m ignoring my head Follow my heart Oh you pick the day And I will pick the city We’ll fly away Till then, call me when you miss me I am willing to wait Cause I just gotta see you again Don’t ask no†¦ just say when Just say when†¦ I could take a picture Of you and me together No one would believe me No one would believe me TALK TO ME Every morning As I go walking by I feel you looking That’s why I take my time Oh oh yeah Bows and flows of angel hair And ice-cream castles in the air Feather cannons everywhere I’ve looked at clouds that way JUST A STEP AWAY Talk to me, why won’t you talk to me Can’t you see I’m burning up When you look like that And I’m looking right back Why don’t you talk to me Walk with me baby When he’s singing his song Well all the young girls sigh And we’ll be wearing those things That make a grown man cry Oh oh yeah yeah I’VE BEEN YOURS FROM THE START I can see what ‘cha wanna do to me You can feel it something’s gonna break Well I’m in if you’re in Let’s make a big mistake Talk to me, why won’t you talk to me Can’t you see I’m burning up When you look like that And I’m looking right back Why don’t you talk to me Walk with me baby Come on take me away I’ve been yours from the start Summer nights, summer days I’ll be your summer heart Come on take me away I’ve been yours from the start†¦ When it’s love like that And you look like that Talk to me, why won’t ‘cha talk to me Can’t you see I’m burning up When you look like that And I’m looking right back Why don’t ‘cha talk to me Walk with me baby Come on take me away I’ve been yours from the start Summer nights, summer days I’ll be your summer heart Come on take me away I’ve been yours from the start Talk to me, why won’t you talk to me Can’t you see I’m burning up When you look like that And I’m looking right back Why don’t you talk to me talk to me Why won’t ‘cha talk to me In the space between the words In the silence of your eyes In the hands that know the touch It’s the way I feel inside Here we are Dancing cross this floor together With every step I take I seem to want you more than ever You made me love you Look into my eyes I want to tell you I’ll never let you down And I’ll never go away And if your ever feeling down I’m just a step away I’ll never let you down And I’ll never go away And if your ever feeling down I’m just a step, just a step, just a step away It’s the beating of your heart It’s the tear I have to hide It’s the sound of your guitar It’s the way I feel inside Here we are Dancing cross this floor together With every step I take I seem to want you more than ever You made me love you Look into my eyes I want to tell you If you need a shoulder Or someone to hold you I’ll keep my arms open wide I’ll be the one who loves you I’ll be right there by your side Here we are Dancing cross this floor together With every step I take I seem to want you more than ever You made me love you Look into my eyes I want to tell you I’ll never let you down (I’ll never let you down) And I’ll never go away (And I’ll never go away) And if your ever feeling down (And if your ever feeling down) I’m just a step away I’ll never let you down And I’ll never go away And if your ever feeling down I’m just a step away I’ll never let you down And I’ll never go away And if you’re ever feeling down I’m just a step, just a step, just a step away In the space between the words In the silence of your eyes In the hands that know the touch It’s the way I feel inside IN THE SPACE BETWEEN THE WORDS I’ll never let you down And I’ll never go away And if your ever feeling down I’m just a step away I’ll never let you down And I’ll never go away And if your ever feeling down I’m just a step, just a step, just a step away Now they only block the sun They rain and snow on everyone So many things I would have done But clouds got in my way I’ve looked at clouds from both sides now TEARS AND FEARS AND FEELING PROUD TO SAY I LOVE YOU RIGHT OUT LOUD DREAMS AND SCHEMES AND CIRCUS CROWDS I can see what ‘cha wanna do to me You can feel it something’s gonna break Well I’m in if you’re in Let’s make a big mistake BOTH SIDES NOW I’ve looked at clouds from both sides now From up and down and still somehow It’s clouds illusions I recall I really don’t know clouds at all Moons and Junes and ferris wheels The dizzy, dancing way you feel When every fairy tale comes real I’ve looked at love that way But now it’s just another show You leave ’em laughing when you go And if you care don’t let them know Don’t give yourself away I’ve looked at love from both sides now From give and take and still somehow It’s loves illusions I recall I really don’t know love at all Tears and fears and feeling proud To say I love you right out loud Dreams and schemes and circus crowds I’ve looked at life that way But now old friends are acting strange They shake their heads They say I’ve changed Well somethings lost and somethings gained in living every day I’ve looked at life from both sides now I’ve looked at life from both sides now From win and loose and still somehow It’s lifes illusions I recall I really don’t know life I’ve looked at clouds from both sides now From up and down and still somehow It’s clouds illusions I recall I really don’t know clouds at all I really don’t know life at all THANK YOU: To YOU†¦ Thanks for listening and making all of this possible. 🙂 Dad, Patty, Mom, Ron, Colin, Kaela and Katie How to cite American Films and Ripped Jeans Skin, Papers

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Ecommerce Essay Example For Students

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Ecommerce Essay E-CommerceWith the astonishing growth of the Internet, many companies are finding new and exciting ways to expand upon their business opportunities. There are very fewsuccessful companies that do not use computers in their everyday business activities, which also means there are few companies that do not use e-commerce. To emphasize the point that the effect of the Internet is so widespread in today’s business communities, one online article stated that more than 100000 companies have Internet addresses, and 20000 companies have home pages on the Internet as of February 1999 (DataQuest, 1999). These numbers have more than tripled since 1995, and the trend shows no signs of slowing. But what exactly is e-commerce? To most casual Internet surfers, e-commerce means online shopping and workaholics pointing their web browser to Amazon.com to order an emergency present because they forgot someone’s birthday again (Weiss, 1999). As we will soon find out, this is far from the c ase. Simply put, e-commerce is the exchange of business information between two or more organizations. An example of this would be buying and selling products or services over the Internet. E-commerce became very popular, soon after it proved to be an efficient means to conduct long distance transactions. The purpose of this report is to discuss some of the advantages and disadvantages e-commerce, as well as examining its potential for the future of business. Electronic commerce, or e-commerce has developed very rapidly in the last few years and has left some people wondering what it is all about. Most people think e-commerce is just about buying and selling things over the Internet, said Wareham (Wareham, 2000). E-commerce is a broad term describing the electronic exchange of business data between two or more organizations computers. Some examples might be the electronic filing of your income tax return, on-line services like Prodigy, and on-line billing for services or products re ceived. E-commerce also includes buying and selling any item over the Internet, electronic fund transfer, smart cards, and all other methods of conducting business over digital networks. The primary technological goal of e-commerce is to integrate businesses, government agencies, and contractors into a single community with the ability to communicate with one another across any computer platform (Edwards, 1998). Electronic commerce was built on a foundation that was started more than 125 years ago with Western Unions money transfer as an example of telegraph technology. In the early 1900’s the advent of credit cards as a payment system revolutionised the process of automated commerce functions. In the mid 1980’s the introduction of the ATM card was the latest improvement to electronic commerce. The Internet was conceived in 1969 when the Department of Defence began funding the research of computer networking. The Internet, as a means for commerce, did not become reality until the 1990’s. Before this time, it was mainly a tool for the army, and a research device for some American universities. Its popularity grew when it proved to become a fast and efficient means to conduct long distance transactions, as well as an effective way to distribute information. Economic impact clearly, E-commerce will change the face of business forever. Companies that are thousands of miles a way can complete business transactions in a matter of seconds as well as exchange information. As one online article explained: Dell Computers sells more than $14 million worth of computer equipment a day from its web site. By taking their customer service department to the web Federal Express began saving $10,000 a day. The Internet provides businesses with the opportunity to sell their products to millions of people, in 24 hours a day (Baxton, 1999). Figure #1 shows the amount of revenues generated by the on the Internet dating back to 1996 as well as estimating possible revenues through the year 2002. With 1998, revenue equaling almost 74 billion dollars and experts predicting that it will climb to as much as 1,234 billion dollars by the year 2002, anyone can see that e-commerce is the wave of the future. Figure #1- Internet generated revenues in US dollars. Source: NUA Internet SurveysWithout a doubt, the Internet is ushering in an era of sweeping change that will leave no business or industry untouched. In just three years, the Net has gone from a playground for nerds into a vast communications and trading centre where some 90 million people swap information or do deals around the world. Imagine: It took radio more than 30 years to reach 60 million people, and television 15 years. Never has a technology caught fire so fast. (Edwards, 1998)The number one advantage that e-commerce possesses is speed. The Internet and World Wide Web give businesses opportunities to exchange messages or complete transactions almost instantaneously. Even with the slowest connections, doing business electronically is much faster than traditional modes. With increased speeds of communication, the delivery time is expedited and that makes the whole transaction from start to finish more efficient. Additional ly, you can find practically any product available for sale on the Internet, as one author put it from books and compact disks (from www.amazon.com) to French bread (available from www.sourdoughbread.com), (Buskin, 1998). Even more significant is the fact that information appearing on the Internet can be changed extremely rapidly. This gives business owners the ability to inform customers of any changes to the service that you are offering. This also allows for you to update marketing and promotional materials as often and as frequently as you would like. The second advantage of the electronic commerce is the opportunity it offers to save on costs. By using the Internet, marketing, distribution, personnel, phone, postage and printing costs, among many others, can be reduced. You can start doing business in cyberspace for as little as $100. Most businesses will spend more than this but compared to the cost of opening a physical store, the savings are tremendous. These funds can then be diverted to marketing and advertising of your product or service. Cyberspace knows no national boundaries. That means you can do business all over the world as easily as you can in your own neighbourhood. Since the Internet connects everyone in cyberspace, information is transmitted at the speed of sound or the speed of light, depending on your connection. Either way, distance becomes meaningless, which makes you able to link to anyone on the globe and anyone on the globe can link to you. The ability to provide links makes doing business on the Internet attractive to customers in any part of the world. Using the web to provide customer support is an excellent vehicle to help build the reliability and effectiveness of your product or service. The ability to provide on-line answers to problems through email or an provide an archive section of frequently asked questions 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, builds customer confidence and retention. In fact, a whole series of IBM E-commer ce commercials were based on this one single point. The Internet tends to be a more personal environment. People expect to get a real person when they send mail. This can work to your advantage as a small start-up company, or when you are a large corporation. No matter what business you are involved in, an online-help feature is an extraordinary advantage to have. A potential source of trouble is customer concerns with privacy and security. Anything sent over the Internet is sent through several different computers before it reaches its destination. The concern regarding Internet security and privacy is that unscrupulous hackers can capture credit card or checking account data as it is transferred or break into computers that hold the same information. Security on the Internet is much like security for your home. There is a point when the effort outweighs the advantages. As with your home you usually stop adding security features when you feel safe. Making a customer feel safe is wh at is important in doing business on the Internet. Even though no one can guarantee 100% security of transferring financial information over the Internet, e-commerce is still safer than using credit cards at an actual store or restaurant, or paying for something with the use of a 1-800 number (unknown author, 1999). In addition, every time you throw away a credit card receipt you could make yourself powerless to fraud. But how do we, as consumers, know this for sure? What precautions do e-commerce websites take to avoid such problems? The answer is simple: encryption. Ever since the 2.0 versions of Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer, transactions can be encrypted using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), an Internet protocol that creates a secure connection to the server, protecting the information as it travels over the Internet. SSL uses public key encryption, one of the strongest encryption methods around. A way to tell that a Web site is secured by SSL is when the URL be gins with https instead of http. Browser makers and credit card companies are also promoting an additional security standard called Secure Electronic Transactions (SET). SET encodes the credit card numbers that sit on vendors’ servers so that only banks and credit card companies can read the numbers. Obviously no e-commerce system can guarantee 100-percent protection for your credit card, but you are less likely to get your pocket picked online than in a real store (Weiss, 1999). E-commerce is based on the assumption that the participants will pay for what they buy. There has been a noted reluctance among Internet users to actually pay, particularly for the digital goods and services. As a result, much of the current business on the Internet is funded using business models other than user-pays, primarily advertising and sponsorship. If a company is selling something, then they need to find a way to accept payment that is not only convenient for them, but most importantly, con venient for the customers. Setting up a simple web site can be very inexpensive, but if you are unsure of how to go about creating one, a simple web site thus may not be so simple. Moreover if you do not know what you are doing, your site will definitely not be effective. A functional web site with online ordering requires expertise in four different areas. If a business owner does not have HTML, CGI scripting, ODBC, and special programs for online clearing options experience, they may want to consider outsourcing. Outsourcing is the use of a third party service company to provide the missing pieces to complete the total functionality of the business. This is a cost-effective way to allow a site to get up and running much faster and concentrate on the product or service rather than getting overwhelmed with the technical challenges (DeCourey, 1999). Finally, a possible disadvantage to e-commerce is not having a strong organizational commitment. A functional web site that is going to be successful will soon need additional resources in technology and skills. E-commerce is evolving at a very rapid rate and the business owner must be willing to evolve with it. Newer and more advanced technology will cost more, but should be supplemented by additional revenues. Furthermore, the company must be willing to change the entire business or start a new one when they can see the need for change. Yahoo started as a commercial operation in 1995, with a simple, if enormous, list of Web sites to help people navigate the Web. But like the Web itself, Yahoo is changing fast. The once amazing ability to search the entire World Wide Web became outdated in a Net instant, so Yahoo, at the tender age of two years, began reinventing itself as a place to trade stocks, make travel reservations, and conduct commerce (Hof, 1998). Rest assured the future of e-commerce is intact and ever changing. Like electricity, antibiotics, or the car, the Internet is a revolutionary technology (France, 1999). It is quite evident that e-commerce is only gaining speed. As one article stated, the growth of e-commerce would not diminish, it will become such a pervasive influence on how acompany works that all functions within an organization will have a stake in their e-commerce strategy (Wareham, 2000). With Internet traffic doubling every 100 days the digital economy is alive and growing. The huge growths of virtual communities are causing shifts in economic power from large corporations to smaller businesses. Virtualcommunities erode the marketing and sales advantages of large companies. A small company with a better product and better customer service can use these communities to challenge larger competitors—something it probably could not do in the real world (CommerceNet, 1999). With many of the technological advances in the banking, on-line trading and retail industries, e-commerce will soon become the foundation of our life just as radio, telephone and television have in the past. Technology has a place in everyones day-to-day activities and soon e-commerce will be a major factor in the decisions we have to make. Remember, e-commerce is more complex than just buying that special someone’s birthday present. E-commerce, along with the Internet, is an outlet for business. It is a way for the new man to compete with the proven giants in the industry. An example of this would be the launch of Wal-Marts new web site intended to compete with industry monster Amazon.com. Their new business venture allows Wal-Mart to go outside its usual corporate sphere for Web-savvy talent geared for dot.com commerce, such as engineers, programmers and marketers. It also provides them with the necessary Web-wampum â€Å"V† such as options, warrants and shares that are essential to attracting top talent (Veverka, 2000). Simply put, the Internet and the use of e-commerce provides many opportunities for even the smallest of businesses to compete with large co rporations, in essence leveling the playing field. With the steady growth of the Internet, and the fact that every year more and more families are plugging in and surfing the web, can a company survive without the use of the Internet and e-commerce? Probably, but not for long. The Internet and e-commerce are here to stay, so businesses can either change with the times, or get left behind. The choice is theirs to make. Technology